What does volume quantify?

Volume is a fundamental concept in chemistry that quantifies the amount of space an object occupies. It is a three-dimensional measurement that helps describe how much space is taken up by matter, whether it be a solid, liquid, or gas. Understanding volume is essential in various chemical applications, such as calculating concentrations of solutions, determining how reactants will fit in a given space during reactions, and even in gas laws where the volume of a gas can change with temperature and pressure.

The other choices refer to different properties: mass measures the amount of matter in an object, density relates mass to volume (mass per unit volume), and temperature indicates the thermal energy of a substance. These properties are related but distinct from the concept of volume itself.